Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Punishment And Crime Essay Example for Free
Punishment And Crime Essay â€Å"An eye for an eye†The standards by which individuals and society subscribe to where being done wrong and seeking retribution, or in the general scope, where crime and punishment is concerned, can be summed up and approximated in the aforementioned line. Our view of justice, the resolution of a violation, and the prevention thereof doesnt stray far from the said concept either. While other countries, particularly those in the middle eastern region, tolerate and employ the said ideology in the literal sense, mutilating the arms and limbs of people caught guilty of thievery, for instance. In the much more civilized and developed nation that is our country however, the instance of Retribution, Deterrence, Rehabilitation, and Societal Protection exists as corresponding forms of punishment to violations against humanity and against societys prescribed laws. Its effectivity in terms of deterring crime, however, remains subjective.            The concept of retribution or retributive justice exists under the premise that people are, or should be dealt with a punishment which fits in proportion to their respective crimes. The concept of merit and desert are introduced as factors central to retributive justice (Maiese). The simplest explanation would be that if a person where to do good and work hard, his or her actions will be met with an equal amount of goodness, or reward. Conversely, a person who commits to doing the opposite, who breaks laws and violates aspects of humanity, are to receive a form of punishment equal to what they have inflicted. Where the instance of merit and desert is concerned, justice is defined by dealing a person the corresponding reward or punishment which he or she deserves based on the instance of good and bad, right and wrong courses of action which a person chooses to pursue.            Punishment in retributive justice constitutes the previously quoted line in the introduction of this paper, albeit not as literally; which, in the context of almost every justice system, and to put it quite crudely, people are to be treated in the same manner by which they choose to treat other individuals. This much is evident in the amount of community service, jailtime, and other forms of punishment which an offender is obliged to fulfill depending on the gravity of the crimes or offenses he or she has committed. Crimes and offenses which may range from driving without a license to armed robbery, rape, and perhaps even murder, will determine whether the offender in question will receive a simple reprimand, a ticket or a fine, a day in a jail cell, or be committed to minimum or maximum security, and to the most grave of offenses, receive capital punishment or death penalty.            The theory of deterrence on the other hand, departs from the seeming reasonable sensibilities afforded by the concept of retribution and runs under the idea that if a corresponding consequence or punishment of a crime outweighs the possible benefit or significance of committing it, the person who intends to commit the said crime may be deterred from pursuing it.            Deterrence turns to the instance of heavier consequences to criminal acts and offenses as opposed to punishments proportionate to actions which have been committed, as a more effective way of preventing individuals from committing crimes. The theory of deterrence runs under the premise and assumption that every individual is conscious of his or her actions, that people are consciously aware of what constitutes good and evil and that peoples action, be it of deviance or conformity, subscribing to rules or breaking it, results from free will. Under the said assumptions, people who are inclined to break the law or commit to similar acts of violations are aware of the consequence and gravity of the situation. Knowing that the corresponding consequences will have a greater negative impact than the deviance and offenses they may choose to commit will advise them to do otherwise. In the instance that people are blamed or convicted for crimes and offenses they did not commit, punishments would appear greater than they already are. For most people, this appears to be the most effective way of deterring crime, but it also appears to be the least humane and insensible where offenders are concerned.            On the subject of relatively humane methods of punishment, the concept of rehabilitation seems to effectively apply. A term which probably closesly identifies with drug abuse, excessive smoking, eating disorders, and other behavioral problems, the concept of rehabilitation applies to more than the said destructive behaviors and relates to a type of punishment which confines an individual to a place where he or she is unable to repeat offenses and untolerated acts which he or she has previously committed.            Rehabilitation turns to a less immediate and much lengthier process of punishing the criminal or offender in question. Doing time in prison cells and rehabilitation centers may appear the most tame and seemingly weak or ineffective forms of punishment, but the reality of incarceration, of being put away and shut out from the rest of society, and rotting away in a period of time which appear to span indefinitely, bears it own share of torment.            The said form of punishment has the capacity to affect the offender in question on a psychological level, as he or she is forced to contemplate the nature of his or her actions and its consequences in the course of the said persons confinement and rehabilitation, at the end of which the individual in question is released and deemed fit to continue his or her life and start anew. Crimes are supposed to be deterred by keeping people away from society at large, who may choose to repeat the said crimes or influence others from doing the same.            Societal Protection concerns itself with the rights and needs of the society as a whole, as opposed to individuals which comprise it, and turning to forms of punishment such as the previously mentioned rehabilitation, among others, as a means of protecting and preserving roles, function, structures, and procesess within society.            Ultimately, society and individuals within it do what they can to ensure security, peace and stability from ensuing and taking hold. Not every form of punishment that has been discussed can be deemed rational and effective in every aspect, and they can vary in meaning and translation from one individual to the next. But as far as opinions apply, it exists as the least of surprises how certain forms of evil cant be countered and put off by other forms of evil. Retribution will not solve people and societys problems, and forms of punishment, however necessary, unfortunately only reflect societys capacity to inflict pain and suffering to people who may or may not truly deserve them. References     Keel, Robert. â€Å"Rational Choice and Deterrence Theory.†14 July 2005. Retrieved 18 January 2008 from http://www.umsl.edu/~keelr/200/ratchoc.html     Maiese, Michelle. â€Å"Types of Justice.†July 2003. Retrieved 18 January 2008 from            http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/types_of_justice/     Maiese, Michelle. â€Å"Retributive Justice.†May 2004. Retrieved 18 January 2008 from            http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/retributive_justice/     Summerfield, Morgan. â€Å"Evolution of Deterrence Crime Theory.†18 May 2006. Retrieved   18 January 2008 from  http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/32600/
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
The Hurricane, Directed by Norman Jewison Essays -- Movie Review, Film
I have recently viewed the film ‘The Hurricane’, directed by Norman Jewison and starring Denzel Washington as Rubin ‘Hurricane’ Carter, the boxer jailed for crimes he did not commit. This emotional drama is a fantastic watch, with Rubin and his friends battling for his freedom after twenty years of unfair punishment. This film has been a hit all over the world and not only is it a great watch worth every penny but it sends out messages about believing in yourself and never giving up in what you believe. This action packed review will attempt to talk you through this roller-coaster of a story. Hold on tight! Rubin Carter was born May 6th 1937 in Patterson New Jersey, the fourth of seven children to parents with in a stable marriage. Rubin earned himself a criminal record at the age of 14 and was sent to a juvenile reformatory. He escaped from the juvenile centre and joined the army at age 17 but was a poor soldier and was discharged from service after 21 months of his three year service. After being released from the army he returned to New Jersey and was picked up by the authorities and sentenced to an additional ten months for escaping. Shortly after being released he was arrested for a series of street muggings, including a black, middle-aged woman and served four years behind bars. All of this adds up to a large criminal record and one of the possible reasons Carter was thought to have committed the murders for which he was jailed. Despite this, Rubin Carter is portrayed as the victim in the film, a bold choice by Jewison but one that works well as he was released from prison some t wenty years later and this makes for a good story with a happy ending when Carter is released, finally winning the biggest fight of his life - ... ...close-ups used on Rubin’s face showing the beads of sweat dripping down his face shows how hard his life in prison is and how he is suffering, again this may have been intentionally used by Jewison to create a feeling of sympathy. Another important feature is the soundtrack to a film which can add to the atmosphere and in this scene a slow and sad tune is played which fits in with the cinematography of the scene and the happier times in the film, when he is released for instance, happier music is played – the Bob Dylan song ‘Hurricane’ is used for example. To conclude I believe that ‘The Hurricane’ is an excellent production which Norman Jewison should be more than proud of. The cast was expertly chosen and definitely produce the goods in front of the camera. The cinematography and soundtracks add to the felling and is definitely a film worth seeing.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Psychological Disorders and Treatment
Tatiana Saunders PS124: Psychological Disorders and Treatment Prof: Marjorie Vandemark Kaplan University Everyone has a personality with character traits, but when these traits are rigid and self-defeating, they may interfere with functioning and even lead to psychiatric symptoms. A psychological disorder is describe as any disturbance of emotional equilibrium, as manifested in maladaptive behavior and impaired functioning, caused by genetic, physical, chemical, biological, psychological, or social and cultural factors.Schizophrenia is a disease that strikes people in their prime. It does not matter who you are, you can be diagnosis with schizophrenia. Many people all over the world are affected by bipolar disorders. There are two phases of bipolar manic and depressive. There are many new types of treatments used, such as drug therapy and psychological therapy. Schizophrenia is a serious brain illness that causes changes in how you think, feel, and behave. While treating Sophia Smith since she was 12 years old for schizophrenia.Sophia has presented symptoms such as misbehaving in school and at home due to mother and father divorce when she was reaching the age of 13 years, Sophia was the only child and didn’t really get along with the other children at her school. Sophia has been struggling in school because at times she feels and behaves in the wrong way and she is afraid that her classmates are going to look at her differently because she has a psychological disorder and is currently taking medications to help her behave properly in the classroom.Sophia received therapy every week for six months so that she can feel comfortable talking about what makes her lash out and have trouble behaving in the proper way as well as the way she thinks before she lashes out. While reaching out to Sophia I also reached out to her parents and even though they were separated I introduced the different treatments options that would benefit Sophia in therapy.Cognitive the rapy and behavioral therapy was applied to Sophia’s treatment approach in order to addresses her dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviors and cognitive processes and contents through a number of goal-oriented, explicit systematic procedures. There were long time goals set up for Sophia while attending school to engage in activities to help her nteract with the different people in her school, Sophia has also set up long term goals at home to be more productive and be more open to having two homes one with her mother and one with her farther, She will also have therapy sessions with both her mother and farther in order to understand that the divorce was not her mistake, as well as knowing she always can talk to her parents no matter what she is going through they should be the first step in showing her problems.As a professional my obligation is to continue going through therapy with Sophia and making sure she stays on the right path in while dealing with her disorder and always let her know that she can become anyone she wants, she won’t be judged because of her mental disorder. Sophia has made tremendous progress and is not currently taking any medications just receiving therapy once a week and also getting positive feedback from her parents and classmates. More than two million Americans suffer from some form of bipolar disorder, a persistent, severe, sometimes lethal, and lifelong illness (Campbell, 2003).Vanessa Sawyer, like many victims of this illness, struggled for fifteen years before climbing out of the deep dark pit. Primary care physicians play a critical role in recognizing, diagnosing, and treating this disorder. Many symptoms of bipolar disorder go either unrecognized or victims and families are in a state of denial. The majority of patients with bipolar disorder will experience significant symptoms before the age of twenty-five years the disorder is complicated by co-occurring alcohol or substance abuse.While treating my client Bobby Lopez for about three months he has shown little signs of improvement, He started out with another therapist and was reassigned to me for a further study. Bobby stated that he started feeling down and didn’t really want to come out his house at times he would push his wife of three years away just because his mood was unstable, Bobby recently had a child who just turned 3 months he has had no interaction with playing or taking care of his child due to his mood.Before Bobby came to see a therapist he was drinking very heavily and would drink for sunrise to sundown to bypass the time and to make himself feel better. As we have been working on his drinking in order to help him to improve his mood disorder. The main goals of humanistic therapy in Bobby case is to find out how he will perceive himself here and now and how he can recognize growth, self-direction and responsibilities. This method is optimistic and attempts to help individuals recognize their strengths by offe ring a non-judgmental, understanding experience.Bobby since his treatment has become a better father to his wife and his child, he has also gained a job and his mood is gotten a lot better. I also still her Bobby once a week for therapy at times he brings his wife for family therapy. My professional obligation in the case of Bobby is to make sure he continue on the right path and receiving therapy as well as getting more involved with the world and a better relationship[ with his wife and also to build his self-esteem.In conclusion with as many problems as there are in today’s society, psychological disorders are very common. Since any behavior that is considered abnormal and disturbing can be described as a psychological disorder, there are various types of disorders. Along with these disorders are different techniques used by therapists to diagnose and treat the disorders. http://www. behavenet. com/personality-disorder http://www. counselling-directory. org. uk/humanistic. html
Saturday, January 4, 2020
Human Trafficking Speech - 728 Words
Human Trafficking Throughout the world human trafficking became a major issue. Human trafficking is the trade of a person for the purpose of forced labor, sexual slavery, or even commercial sexual exploitation by traffickers. Trafficker does not care how old you are, all they see you as is a way to make money at a quick rate. The most vulnerable victims are women and young children. After they sell you to whoever they can care less what happens to you. This illegal activity are allowing people to control others. Human trafficking should be abolished. Human trafficking is modern day slavery! The 1400’s marked the start of human trafficking with slave trading by the Europeans. The human trafficking industry started to grow into something†¦show more content†¦A trafficker may promise you a better life with a great job and living conditions, but in reality it’s just a trap! Within most cases, women and young girls become victims of falling for false information by a trafficker. In some cases a person is killed and trafficked for their organs. On the other hand, many do not see human trafficking for what it really is. A counter argument from â€Å"Ending Human Trafficking†says â€Å"Many people are making a lot money from human trafficking so why stop it?†Why stop it! The problem comes about when people do not take a stand in what they feel is wrong. There are some people who feel as if they taking a stand will not change anything.. Then there are other people that feel as if this process cannot be stopped. As of right now human trafficking is happening in every zip code of every country on this planet within 24 hours. Truthfully this crime goes unnoticed because there is no real awareness of the magnitude of the problem! This happens with many of the crimes today, unless it happens to us or someone dear to our hearts we could care less. It’s time to take a stand and find a solution. You do not have a certain age or be powerful in your area to take a stand. Start fundraisers with your school/university to raise awareness. Since everyone uses social media to get their points across to world use that as your gateway. Always utilize google alerts on humanShow MoreRelatedSpeech On Human Trafficking911 Words  | 4 Pages What is Human Trafficking? Human trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery, where human beings are controlled and exploited for profit. Perpetrators use force, fraud, or coercion to manipulate and establish control over individuals. Although human trafficking violates international and national laws, it is a burgeoning criminal industry (Background). Human Trafficking affects women and children and forces them into prostitution or other types of exploitation. Trafficking is very gruesomeRead MoreA Speech On Human Trafficking1256 Words  | 6 PagesHuman trafficking is the illegal transport of people from one place to the other, mainly for forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation. 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Honors English 3. 13 February1022 Words  | 5 Pages2015 Human Trafficking Human trafficking,the illegal practice of trading in human beings for the purpose of prostitution, forced labor, or other forms of exploitation, is a crime that affects the most vulnerable citizens of society. After drugs, it the largest criminal activity globally! The victims must be the primary concern for all law enforcement units. Human trafficking in the world can be diminished and possibly erased through teachings, government intervention, and awareness. Human traffickingRead MoreLibrary Information / Literacy Project : Human Trafficking And Slavery1117 Words  | 5 PagesLibrary information/Literacy project: Human Trafficking and Slavery Introduction: Human trafficking is a global epidemic that affect millions of victims that has being trafficked for prostitution and some forms of child labor across international borders. 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